Alt Text For Figure 2

Average MEF patterns achieved by participants during pre-training and training in comparison with the target MEFT on both sides. Figure 2 shows 12 graphs overall: one graph for each participants (total of 6) on the left side and one graph for each participant on the right side. Three MEF patterns are shown in each graph. The MEF patterns shown are (1) the average MEF pattern achieved during the pre-training, (2) the target MEF pattern MEFT and (3) the average MEF pattern achieved during the training. In each case, the MEF, in %, is plotted against the time normalized push cycle, also in %, which gives normalized MEF patterns (MEF(%push)). Both the values of MEF and normalized push cycle are defined between 0 % and 100 %. The middle portion of the normalized push (25 %-75 %) is identified with a light gray rectangle.

Graph for participant P1 on the left side: Participant P1’s pre-training MEF pattern varies between 19.6 % and 91.4 % (64.7 % to 82.1 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 91.4 % located at 91 % of the push. P1’s training MEF pattern varies between 2.8 % and 98.8 % (58.9 % to 86.5 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 98.8 % located at 87 % of the push. Between 25 % and 75 % of the normalized push, the training MEF is not closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. The pre-training and training MEF patterns are very similar in the 25%-75% portion of the push phase.

Graph for participant P2 on the left side: Participant P2’s pre-training MEF pattern varies between 29.4 % and 83.7 % (50.8 % to 81.9 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 83.7 % located at 82 % of the push. P2’s training MEF pattern varies between 11.3 % and 84.0 % (53.6 % to 84.0 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 84.0 % located at 68 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It is also similar in shape to the target.

Graph for participant P3 on the left side: Participant P3 features a biphasic pre-training MEF pattern with two maxima. The pre-training pattern varies between 9.5 % and 79.7 % (31.9 % to 72.0 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 49.3 % located at 36 % of the push, and a second maximum of 79.7 % located at 89 % of the push. P3’s training MEF pattern varies between 10.3 % and 89.6 % (40.9 % to 82.7 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 89.6 % located at 93 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It also slightly overreaches the target.

Graph for participant P4 on the left side: Participant P4 features a biphasic pre-training MEF pattern with two maxima. The pre-training pattern varies between 10.9 % and 57.7 % (21.6 % to 51.0 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 51.0 % located at 46% of the push, and a second maximum of 57.7 % located at 82 % of the push. P4’s training MEF pattern is also biphasic. It varies between 15.0 % and 79.3 % (32.9 % to 49.6 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 48.9 % located at 35 % of the push, and a second maximum of 79.3 % located at 90 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is not closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. The pre-training and training MEF patterns are very similar in the 25%-75% portion of the push phase.

Graph for participant P5 on the left side: Participant P5 features a triphasic pre-training MEF pattern with three maxima. The pre-training pattern varies between 21.3 % and 67.6 % (36.3 % to 61.4 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 47.8 % located at 12 % of the push, a second maximum of 54.6 % located at 49 % of the push, and a third maximum of 67.6 % located at 88 % of the push. P5’s training MEF pattern is also triphasic. It varies between 8.0 % and 76.4 % (31.5 % to 73.7 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 35.8 % located at 9 % of the push, a second maximum of 59.7 % located at 41 % of the push, and a third maximum of 76.4 % located at 92 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It is also just a little bit lower than the target.

Graph for participant P6 on the left side: Participant P6’s pre-training MEF pattern varies between 4.8 % and 54.6 % (19.4 % to 28.2 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 54.6 % located at 92 % of the push. P6’s training MEF pattern varies between 1.0 % and 61.7 % (14.1 % to 42.8 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 61.7 % located at 90 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It is also similar in shape to the target.

Graph for participant P1 on the right side: Participant P1 features a biphasic pre-training MEF pattern with two maxima. The pre-training pattern varies between 2.1 % and 78.9 % (39.6 % to 67.6 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 37.4 % located at 10 % of the push, and a second maximum of 78.9 % located at 96 % of the push. P1’s training MEF pattern is triphasic with three small maxima. It varies between 4.9 % and 75.4 % (53.0 % to 74.8 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 37.5 % located at 6 % of the push, a second maximum of 64.5 % located at 41 % of the push, and a third maximum of 75.4 % located at 77 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF.

Graph for participant P2 on the right side: Participant P2’s pre-training MEF pattern varies between 12.4 % and 74.6 % (37.7 % to 74.4 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 74.6 % located at 76 % of the push. P2’s training MEF pattern varies between 9.4 % and 81.2 % (61.3 % to 81.2 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 81.2 % located at 62 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF and is very similar in shape to the target in the 25%-50% portion of the push.

Graph for participant P3 on the right side: Participant P3’s pre-training MEF pattern varies between 7.3 % and 71.4 % (26.5 % to 67.2 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 71.4 % located at 85 % of the push. P3’s training MEF pattern varies between 5.1 % and 80.3 % (30.1 % to 72.9 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 80.3 % located at 90 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It is also similar in shape to the target.

Graph for participant P4 on the right side: Participant P4’s pre-training MEF pattern varies between 6.4 % and 63.3 % (28.8 % to 63.3 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 63.3 % located at 69 % of the push. P4’s training MEF pattern varies between 7.5 % and 93.5 % (35.9 % to 67.2 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 93.5 % located at 91 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It is also similar in shape to the target in the 25%-50% portion of the push.

Graph for participant P5 on the right side: Participant P5 features a triphasic pre-training MEF pattern with three maxima. The pre-training pattern varies between 11.2 % and 66.0 % (23.5 % to 61.7 % in the gray zone) with first maximum of 43.4 % located at 18 % of the push, a second maximum of 54.4 % located at 56 % of the push, and a third maximum of 66.0 % located at 80 % of the push. P5’s training MEF pattern is also triphasic. It varies between 5.5 % and 85.6 % (22.1 % to 81.3 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 35.1 % located at 9 % of the push, second maximum of 45.0 % located at 42 % of the push, and a third maximum of 85.6 % located at 81 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is slightly closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF.

Graph for participant P6 on the right side: Participant P6 features a biphasic pre-training MEF pattern with two maxima. The pre-training pattern varies between 1.8 % and 44.5 % (12.9 % to 34.5 % in the gray zone) with a first maximum of 27.0 % located at 37 % of the push, and a second maximum of 44.5 % located at 89 % of the push. P6’s training MEF pattern varies between 0.6 % and 62.4 % (10.8 % to 51.3 % in the gray zone) with a single maximum of 62.4 % located at 88 % of the push. Between 25% and 75% of the normalized push, the training MEF is closer to the target pattern MEFT than the pre-training MEF. It is also similar in shape to the target.